Teradapat 8 Jenis penerjemahan (kinds of translation) yang kamu harus ketahui dalam mempelajari teori penerjemahan. Jenis penerjemahan ini digambarkan dalam bentuk diagram V oleh Newmark (1988: 45-46).
1. Word to word translation (translate per word)
Word for word translation is where the forms of the original are retained as much as possible, even if those forms are not the most natural form to preserve the original meaning.
2. Literal translation
Literal Translation is translate with good grammatical structure. The source language grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest target language equivalents but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of context.
3. Faithful translation
Faithful translation attempts to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the target language grammatical structure.
4. Semantic translation
Semantic translation is concern in the culture of SL. It has more aesthetic value that is the beautiful and natural sounds of the source language text, compromising on meaning.
5. Communicative translation
It attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of the original in such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership.
6. Idiomatic translation
It reproduces the message of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the original.
7. Free translation
Free translation is one of which preserves the meaning of the original but uses natural form of the target language, including normal word order and syntax, so that the translation can be naturally understood. It reproduces the matter without the manner, or the content without the form of the original.
8. Adaptation translation
It is the freest of translation. It is used mainly for play (Comedy, Poetry). The source language culture converted to the target language culture and the text rewritten.
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